#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct node{
    char *name;//字段名
    char *desc;//描述
    struct node *next;
}node;

#define HASHSIZE 100 //hash表长度
static node* hashtable[HASHSIZE];//定义一个hash数组，该数组的每个元素是一个hash结点指针,并且由于是全局静态变量,默认初始化为NULL

unsigned int hash(char *s)
{//哈希函数
    unsigned int h=0;
    for(;*s;s++)
        h=*s+h*31;//将整个字符串按照特定关系转化为一个整数，然后对hash长度取余
    return h%HASHSIZE;
}

node* lookup(char *str)
{
    unsigned int hashvalue = hash(str);
    node* np = hashtable[hashvalue];
    for( ; np!=NULL; np = np->next)
    {//这里是链地址法解决的冲突,返回的是第一个链表结点
        if(!strcmp(np->name, str))//strcmp相等的时候才返回0
            return np;
    }
    return NULL;
}

char* search(char* name)
{//对hash表查找特定元素(元素是字符串）
    node* np=lookup(name);
    if(np==NULL)
        return NULL;
    else
        return np->desc;
}

node* malloc_node(char* name, char* desc)
{//在堆上为结点分配内存，并填充结点
    node *np=(node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
    if(np == NULL)
        return NULL;
    np->name = name;
    np->desc = desc;
    np->next = NULL;
    return np;
}

int insert(char* name, char* desc)
{
    unsigned int hashvalue;
    hashvalue = hash(name);
    //头插法，不管该hash位置有没有其他结点，直接插入结点
    node* np = malloc_node(name, desc);
    if (np == NULL) return 0;//分配结点没有成功，则直接返回
    np->next = hashtable[hashvalue];
    hashtable[hashvalue] = np;
    return 1;
}

/* A pretty useless but good debugging function,
which simply displays the hashtable in (key.value) pairs
*/
void displayHashTable()
{//显示hash表元素（不包括空）
    node *np;
    unsigned int hashvalue;
    for(int i=0; i < HASHSIZE; ++i)
    {
        if(hashtable[i] != NULL)
        {
            np = hashtable[i];
            printf("\nhashvalue: %d (", i);
            for(; np != NULL; np=np->next)
                printf(" (%s.%s) ", np->name, np->desc);
            printf(")\n");
        }
    }
}

void cleanUp()
{//清空hash表
    node *np,*tmp;
    for(int i=0;i < HASHSIZE; ++i)
    {
        if(hashtable[i] != NULL)
        {
            np = hashtable[i];
            while(np != NULL)
            {
                tmp = np->next;
                free(np->name);
                free(np->desc);
                free(np);
                np = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    char* names[]={"First Name","Last Name","address","phone","k101","k110"};
    char* descs[]={"Kobe","Bryant","USA","26300788","Value1","Value2"};

    for(int i=0; i < 6; ++i)
        insert(names[i], descs[i]);
    printf("we should see %s\n",search("k110"));
    insert("phone","9433120451");//这里计算的hash是冲突的，为了测试冲突情况下的插入
    printf("we have %s and %s\n",search("k101"),search("phone"));
    displayHashTable();
    cleanUp();
    return 0;
}